How to produce specific gases?

Ammonia gas

Heat ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide

NH4Cl + NaOH --> NaCl + NH3 + H20



Oxygen gas

Heat a chlorate(VI) or nitrate salts

a) 2KClO3 --> 2KCl + 3O2

b) 2Pb(NO3)2 --> 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2



Carbon dioxide gas

Heat metal carbonate or acid-carbonate reaction

a) CaCO3 --> CaO + CO2

b) CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl + H20 + CO2



Sulphur dioxide gas

Produced by acid-sulphite reaction

Na2SO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + H20 + SO2


Hydrogen gas

Produced by acid-metal reaction

Mg + HCl --> MgCl + H2


Chlorine gas

Heat a mixture of manganese(IV) oxide and concentrated HCl

MnO2 + 4HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H20


Hydrogen chloride

Heat a mixture of common salt and concentrated sulphuric acid

H2SO4 + NaCl --> NaHSO4 + HCl


Nitrogen dioxide gas

Heat a nitrate salt

2Cu(NO3)2 --> 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2